Πόσο κοντά είμαστε σε πυρηνικό πόλεμο;

του Δημήτρη Κωνσταντακόπουλου

Μέρος 4ο - Η Αφωνία του Κόσμου

Το χειρότερο δεν είναι καν αυτά που κάνει η Ουάσιγκτων επί Τραμπ. Το χειρότερο είναι ότι δεν “κουνιέται φύλλο” σε όλο τον κόσμο. Τον Φεβρουάριο 2003, όταν οι Αμερικανοί ετοίμαζαν την εισβολή στο Ιράκ, μαζί με τους Βρετανούς, τους Αυστραλούς και τους Πολωνούς, εκατομμύρια διαδηλωτών βγήκαν παγκοσμίως στο δρόμο για να τους εμποδίσουν. Ο “τελευταίος των Γκωλικών”, ο Πρωθυπουργός της Γαλλίας Ντομινίκ ντε Βιλπέν έγινε το σύμβολο όλης της πολιτισμένης ανθρωπότητας, όταν κατακεραύνωσε, με μια ιστορική ομιλία του στο Συμβούλιο Ασφαλείας, τις ΗΠΑ για τη σχεδιαζόμενη τότε εισβολή στο Ιράκ. Μετά βέβαια, είναι αλήθεια, ότι και ο Πρόεδρος Σιράκ και ο Καγκελλάριος Σρέντερ κατατρόμαξαν από το ίδιο το θάρρος που επέδειξαν και ανέκρουσαν πρύμνα, συμβάλλοντας έτσι να μην υπάρχει πλέον ούτε ίχνος ανεξαρτησίας στα ευρωπαϊκά κράτη και να έχει καταστραφεί η μισή Μέση Ανατολή και να απειλούμαστε πλέον όχι μόνο με τρομερούς συμβατικούς, αλλά και με πυρηνικούς πολέμους!

Σε όλη την ιστορική περίοδο μετά το 1945 υπήρξε ένα ισχυρότατο φιλειρηνικό, αντιπολεμικό και αντιπυρηνικό κίνημα. Αυτό απέτρεψε έναν τρίτο παγκόσμιο πόλεμο μεταξύ 1945 και 1949, όταν η Μόσχα δεν είχε ακόμα πυρηνικά όπλα, αυτό συνέβαλε επίσης καθοριστικά στη δημιουργία μιας δομής στοιχειώδους ελέγχου των εξοπλισμών μεταξύ ΗΠΑ και ΕΣΣΔ, αυτό εμπόδισε τους Αμερικανούς να χρησιμοποιήσουν ατομικά όπλα στην Κορέα και στο Βιετνάμ.

Οι πόλεμοι της Αλγερίας και του Βιετνάμ κερδήθηκαν εξίσου στα πεδία των μαχών και στους δρόμους των ευρωπαϊκών και αμερικανικών μεγαλουπόλεων. Μια σειρά σπουδαίων διανοούμενων και επιστημόνων, όπως ο ‘Αλμπερτ Αϊνστάιν και πολλοί άλλοι, τάχθηκαν εναντίον του Πολέμου. Ο Ντε Γκωλ διαφώνησε με τον πόλεμο στο Βιετνάμ. Ακόμα κι όταν του πρότειναν να συλλάβει τον Ζαν Πωλ Σαρτρ, μεσούντος του πολέμου στην Αλγερία, ο Στρατηγός λέγεται ότι απήντησε «δεν συλλαμβάνεις τον Βολταίρο». Στη Γερμανία ο Βίλυ Μπραντ άνοιγε τον δρόμο στην Οστπολιτίκ.

Σήμερα δεν υπάρχουν διανοούμενοι και οι «πολιτικοί» έχουν μετατραπεί σε (συχνά εκβιάσιμους) υπαλλήλους τραπεζών. Τα αντιπολεμικά κινήματα και όλα τα κινήματα αμφισβήτησης δεν υπάρχουν ή είναι πολύ περιορισμένα. Μια εκφυλισμένη «αριστερά» τάσσεται συχνά υπέρ του «δικού της» ιμπεριαλισμού, χρησιμοποιώντας τις ορθές ή εσφαλμένες κριτικές εναντίον του καθεστώτος των τρίτων χωρών για να επιτρέπει στρατιωτικές επεμβάσεις σε όλο τον κόσμο. Ζούμε δηλαδή σε μια περίοδο πρωτοφανούς υποχώρησης της ανθρώπινης συνείδησης.

Ακόμα όμως και μεταξύ πυρηνικών δυνάμεων, η ύπαρξη πυρηνικής ισοτιμίας είναι μακροχρονίως αναγκαία συνθήκη αποτροπής του πυρηνικού πολέμου, όχι όμως και ικανή. Ξέρουμε τώρα ότι στη σύσκεψη για την Κούβα που αποφάσισε αν θα γίνει ή όχι παγκόσμιος πυρηνικός πόλεμος, όλοι οι συμμετέχοντες ήταν υπέρ του πολέμου, εκτός από δύο πρόσωπα, τον Πρόεδρο Κένεντι και τον αδελφό του. Η ύπαρξή τους όμως εκεί μέσα δεν μπορεί να θεωρηθεί τυχαίο γεγονός. Αντανακλούσε την ιδεολογία, την πολιτική ατμόσφαιρα, τις αντιλήψεις, της κοινωνικές δυνάμεις της εποχής τους, τον καπιταλισμό του 1960 και όχι αυτόν που έχουμε τώρα.

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