Πώς ο Τραμπ ανοίγει τον δρόμο στην Κίνα και τη Ρωσία

Μέρος 3ο - Η αποχώρηση από τη Συμφωνία του Παρισιού για το Κλίμα

Τηρώντας ακόμη μία προεκλογική δέσμευση του, ο Τραμπ απέσυρε τις ΗΠΑ από τη Συμφωνία του Παρισιού για το Κλίμα τον Ιούνιο του 2017, κίνηση η οποία επίσης, δημιούργησε κενό όσον αφορά τον ρόλο της ως παγκόσμιας ηγέτιδας δύναμης.

Το κενό αυτό έσπευσαν να καλύψουν τόσο ο Γάλλος πρόεδρος Εμανουέλ Μακρόν όσο και ο Κινέζος πρόεδρος Ξι Ζιπίνγκ. Τον Δεκέμβριο του 2017, στη δεύτερη επέτειο από την υπογραφή της Συμφωνίας για το Κλίμα στο Παρίσι και σε συνεργασία με τον ΟΗΕ και την Παγκόσμια Τράπεζα, ο Μακρόν διοργάνωσε τη Διεθνή Διάσκεψη Κορυφής για το Κλίμα «One Planet». Ο τίτλος της Συνόδου ήταν σκόπιμα στα αγγλικά, ως αναφορά στη φράση του «Make our planet great again» (Κάνε τον πλανήτη μας ξανά μεγάλο), με την οποία ο Γάλλος πρόεδρος αντέδρασε στην απόφαση του Αμερικανού Προέδρου Ντόναλντ Τραμπ να αποσύρει τις ΗΠΑ από τη Συμφωνία του Παρισιού για το Κλίμα. Στη Διάσκεψη Κορυφής στην οποία συμμετείχαν περισσότεροι από 50 αρχηγοί κρατών ο Μακρόν ανέλαβε τον ηγετικό ρόλο που «παραχώρησε» ο Τραμπ και οι συνεργάτες του, όλοι αρνητές της κλιματικής αλλαγής. Κόντρα στον Τραμπ, οκτώ αμερικανικές Πολιτείες, δήλωσαν ότι, παραμένουν στη συμφωνία του Παρισιού. Σύμφωνα με τον πρώην δήμαρχο της Νέας Υόρκης Μάικλ Μπλούμπεργκ αυτή η δέσμευση «αντιπροσωπεύει πλέον το ήμισυ της αμερικανικής οικονομίας».

Στη Διεθνή Διάσκεψη, ο 39χρονος πρώην τραπεζίτης, Μακρόν χαιρέτισε την πρόοδο που έχει σημειωθεί μέχρι τώρα και υπογράμμισε ότι μπορούν να δημιουργηθούν εναλλακτικές έναντι μιας παγκόσμιας οικονομίας που βασίζεται στα ορυκτά καύσιμα, επιταχύνοντας τα βήματα που έχουν ήδη γίνει, ακόμη και χωρίς τις Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες. Αλλά, δεν σταμάτησε εκεί. Πρότεινε σε 18 επιστήμονες του κλίματος, οι περισσότεροι εκ των οποίων έχουν ως έδρα τις ΗΠΑ, να εγκατασταθούν στη Γαλλία για το υπόλοιπο της θητείας Τραμπ, δηλαδή να εργαστούν σε μια χώρα που είναι σε θέση να αξιολογήσει το έργο τους, εξασφαλίζοντας τους παράλληλα, επιχορηγήσεις εκατομμυρίων ευρώ.

Τέσσερις εβδομάδες αργότερα, ο Μακρόν με τη σύζυγο του πραγματοποίησαν επίσημη επίσκεψη στο Πεκίνο. Ο Κινέζος πρόεδρος υπενθύμισε ότι η Γαλλία ήταν η πρώτη δυτική δύναμη που σύναψε διπλωματικές σχέσεις με τη Λαϊκή Δημοκρατία της Κίνας και ότι η χώρα του είναι έτοιμη να συνεργαστεί στενά με τη Γαλλία, όχι μόνο για την κλιματική αλλαγή αλλά και όσον αφορά τα επεκτατικά project τρισεκατομμυρίων δολαρίων που έχει θέσει σε εφαρμογή η Κίνα. Ο λόγος για το «One Belt One Road», το σχέδιο που στοχεύει στη διασύνδεση της Κίνας με την Ευρώπη διά θαλάσσης, οδικών και σιδηροδρομικών αρτηριών και αγωγών.

Την ώρα που η Ουάσιγκτον δίνει τρισεκατομμύρια για την ενίσχυση της εθνικής ασφάλειας, του στρατού και του πυρηνικού οπλοστασίου της, ο Μακρόν αντιδρά με ενθουσιασμό στα σχέδια του Ξι Ζιπίνγκ λέγοντας ότι «η Γαλλία θα ήθελε να συμμετάσχει ενεργά στην πρωτοβουλία Belt and Road», καθώς «οι νέοι δρόμοι δεν είναι μόνο μίας κατεύθυνσης».

Από την κλιματική αλλαγή μέχρι την οικονομία, οι Η.Π.Α. μοιάζουν να βρίσκονται εκτός παιχνιδιού. Ο δρόμος είναι τώρα ανοιχτός για την Κίνα, η οποία ήδη από το Σεπτέμβριο του 2013 άρχισε να εφαρμόζει μέτρα για την ατμοσφαιρική ρύπανση, εν μέρει με τη μείωση της βιομηχανικής χρήσης άνθρακα, διεκδικώντας να καλύψει το κενό που αφήνει η διακυβέρνηση Τραμπ.

Πηγή, σύνδεσμοι:

http://tvxs.gr/news/kosmos/pos-o-tramp-anoigei-ton-dromo-stin-kina-kai-ti-rosia

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