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Concentración de la riqueza aumenta la desigualdad en Latinoamérica

Según el análisis Tributación para un crecimiento inclusivo, el 10 % de la población en la región posee el 71 % de la riqueza y tributa solo el 5,4 % de su renta

La concentración de la riqueza en el 10 % de la población de América Latina y el Caribe atiza la desigualdad en la región, asegura un informe presentado por la Cepal.

Según el análisis Tributación para un crecimiento inclusivo, realizado de conjunto con la organización no gubernamental Oxfam, ese 10 % posee el 71 % de la riqueza y tributa solo el 5,4 % de su renta, lo cual “está en el corazón de la desigualdad”.

El reporte de la agencia de Naciones Unidas y la Oxfam, fue difundido este jueves a propósito del XXVIII Seminario Regional de Política Fiscal, que concluyó en esta capital, informa PL.

Alicia Bárcena, secretaria ejecutiva de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (Cepal), destacó que salvaguardar los avances ya logrados por la región y garantizar un crecimiento inclusivo y sostenible deben ser prioridades.

En consecuencia, la Cepal y Oxfam hemos firmado un acuerdo para trabajar de manera conjunta en la promoción y construcción de un nuevo consenso contra la desigualdad, acotó.

El documento señala que los más ricos de la población del área pagan una tasa efectiva de impuesto sobre la renta personal excepcionalmente baja si se la compara con la tasa aplicada al ingreso de los trabajadores asalariados.

Argumenta que los grupos más pudientes en la zona pagan por concepto de impuestos entre el 1 y el 3 % de su ingreso bruto, mientras por ejemplo en Estados Unidos la tasa efectiva es de 14,2 % y en algunos países europeos incluso excede el 20.

El estudio advierte que el sistema fiscal de Latinoamérica favorece la recaudación de impuestos al consumo (IVA), lo que pone a las personas con menores ingresos en desventaja frente a los más ricos, que gozan de exenciones tributarias y facilidades para eludir impuestos.

Bárcena, por su parte, remarcó que “un sistema tributario internacional arcaico y disfuncional también proporciona a las empresas y a los ricos amplias oportunidades para que eviten pagar los impuestos que les corresponden en justicia”.

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